FTCE General Knowledge Math Practice Test

What method can be used to find the prime factors of a number?

1. Division

2. Factor tree

3. Listing multiples

4. Exponents

The correct answer is: Factor tree

The factor tree method is an effective approach to finding the prime factors of a number. This technique involves breaking down a number into its prime components systematically. Starting with the number, you can divide it by the smallest prime number, continuing the process with the quotient, and repeating until all the resulting factors are prime. The final outcome of this method is a visual representation that shows how the number can be constructed from its prime factors. Using a factor tree allows for an organized and clear way to see the relationships among the numbers and makes it easier to confirm that all factors are indeed prime. Each branch of the tree represents a division of factors, leading down to the prime number leaves at the ends. This method is particularly useful for larger numbers, as it can simplify the process of identifying prime factors in a structured manner. While division can be a part of finding prime factors, it is usually not as systematic and organized without the visual aid of a factor tree. Listing multiples and using exponents do not effectively lead to identifying prime factors, as they focus on different mathematical concepts. Thus, the factor tree stands out as the best method among the choices provided.